A comparative study of the antidiabetic effect of two training protocols on miR-133aand Runx2 in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic: an experimental study

Background: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly is an epidemic that has major impact on global health. Thus this experimental study aimed to compare the response of microRNA-133a (miR-133a) in different tissues and of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) in bone marrow tissue following resistance and endurance training in old rats with high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: Thirty 21-month-old male Wistar rats (weight 418 ±43 grams) after one week of familiarity with the laboratory environment were randomly divided into three groups: endurance training (ET), resistance training (RT) and control (C). The eight weeks of endurance training protocol was five sessions of moderate intensity training (75-60% velocity at maximal oxygen uptake (vVo2max)) and low intensity (30-30% vVo2max). In 60% maximum voluntary carrying capacity (MVCC), the resistance group climbed the ladder 14-20 times with a one-minute rest, five days a week. Results: Results showed significant increase in bone marrow miR-133 expression (p = 0.003), significant increase in the expression Runx2 bone marrow (p = 0.0018). Post hoc test showed Runx2 levels in diabetic mice of resistance group increased significantly compared to endurance training (p = 0.044) and control (p = 0.018), miR-133 expression of bone marrow of resistance training mice There was a significant increase in endurance (p = 0.006) and control (p = 0.002). Conclusion: It seems cellular changes in the metabolism of these tissues after these exercises require longer periods of exercise, which should be studied in future research.